Boiler deflector-wall



H. B. BRADFORD.

BOILER DEFLECTOR WALL.

APPLICATION.FILED AUG. 11. 1917.

Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

2 SHEEN-SHEET 1 H. B. BRADFORD.

BOILER DEFLECTOR WALL. APPLICATION HLED AUG. 11, m1.

Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY IB. BRADFORD, OF EDGEMOOR, DELAWARE, ASSIGNOR '10 EDGE M003 IRON COMPANY, OF EDGEMOOR, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

. BOILER nnrnncrorvwnnr.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 17, 1917. Serial No. 186,684.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. BRADFORD, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in Edgemoor, in the county of New Castle and State of Delaware, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boiler Deflector-Walls, of which the following is a true and exact specification, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

My present invention has for its general obj ect'to provide a simple, durable and effective wall construction of a refractory character especially adapted for use on the deflector'walls extending across the tubes of a water tube boiler. More specifically the object of the invention is to provide a tile facing for a deflector wall which can be readily installed and will not work apart under the vibration to which the boiler tubes traversed by the wall are subjected.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed hereto and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, and the advantages possessed by it, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described preferred embodiments of my invention.

Of the drawings: 1

Figure 1 is a somewhat conventional elevation of a water tube boiler provided with a deflector wall, constructed in accordance.

with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a portion of the deflector wall of the boiler shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 a section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5 Fig. 9 is a partial section taken on the l1ne 99 of Fig. 8.

, Flg. 10 is a fragmentary view showing a cross section through one of the tubes formmg the bafiie wall E, and through two of the upper row of tubes on which wall E is supported and one of the next row of tubes, showing also one of the tiles I, and a manner in which the upper row of such tiles I are held in place by the wall E. Fig. 11 is a slde elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 10, with the tiles E tiles I, and the bafiie wall of which tiles T form a facing shown in vertical section.

The water tube boiler conventionally illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises front and rear headers AA connected by water tubes B. The lntertube space is divided into three passes by front and rear deflector walls C and D respectively, which in the construction shown inFig. lare perpendicular to the tubes B. A short deflector wall E rests upon the top row of tubes B immediately in front of the front deflector C, the upper edge of the latter being in enga ement with the wall E. The wall E is pre erably made up of tiles E, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. The deflector wall D may be of anyusual or suitable construction. The deflector wall C, in the construction of which the present invention is used, comprises, as shown, a skeleton reinforcing structure or backing formed of cast iron sections F which may be of any usual construction. At the rear of the sections F is a layer or coating G of the refrac-v tory mortar known as hot blast cement, and the front sides of the sections F are covered with a thinner coating Gr of the same material. In front of the coating G is a layer of similar tiles I, which are each diamond shaped and formed with cylindrical grooves I at each corner to receive portions of corresponding water tubes B. In the particular form of the wall C, shown in the drawings, soot blower pipes II are em bedded in the hot blast cement wall layer G and are secured to the cast iron sections F by the eyebolts H and are provided at intervals with nozzles H. Washers H surrounding the nozzles H are advantageously interposed between the pipes H and sections The sections F are formed with apertures F to receive nipples H, and the ends Hf project into some of theseapertures- Some of these central apertures also receive portions of the-ends of the eyebolts H? and the nuts secured thereon.

The tiles I are specially shaped to inter lock with one another so as to prevent the individual tiles from moving relatively to Tone another in a direction parallel to the water tubes B. This interlocking effect is obtained with the tiles I by the special inclination given to edge surfaces I 1*, I Y

and I of each tile, those-surfaces contacting -with the corresponding edge surfaces of adjacent tiles in 'theassembled wall as shown iin'Figs, 2 and 3.- To obtain the desired interlocking effect the edge-surfaces 1 I Iiand I of each tile I are each inclined at an oblique angle to the planes of the flat faces of the'tile. The inclination of each of the surfaces I and I is such that these surfacesif extended, would intersect a'line passing'through-the center of the tile perpendicul'arly to its'front faces, at a certain distance in front of the wall C. The edge surfaces I and' I on'the other hand would, if extended, intersect the'said perpendicularline at a similar distance at the irear of thetile.

v In consequence each tile I in the wall C, when viewed from the front side, has its two edge surfaces I and I overlapped by the edge surfaces I and P'respectively of two other tiles I, and has its edge surfaces I and I overlapping the edge surfaces I and I respectively of two other tiles-I. In consequence of this arrangement no'lower tile I can be moved forward without carrying with it the two tiles in the row above it. The tiles of the uppermost row are held agalnst a forward movement by the wall in the construction shown, and in consequence it is impossible for any tile to move forward away from its normal. position in the wall. The interlocking ofthe tiles to prevent the individual tiles from moving away from the body portion of the deflector of which they form apart overcomes a curious tendency which has been found to exist in practice for the individual tiles when not interlocked, to

creep forward along the water tubes with which they are ;m engagement. ency of the tiles to creep forward is due,

I believe, 'to thevibration to which the boiler tubes are subjected under certain conditions of operation. Whatever the cause may be, the creeping tendency of the tiles which is ordinarily less marked in the case of the upper and lowerrows'of tubes l of the tile.

The .tendv than in the case of the intermediate tubes,

, has in the past given rise toa good deal'of soot blower pipes all o'f 'the central aperturesI in the tiles I may advantageously be filled with hot blast cement, and where the soot blower pipes are employed I ordinarily prefer to fill all of these central 'apertures except'those "receiving the blast nozzles H with hot blast cement after the tiles are put in place. "To give, ample clearance for the nuts on the eye bolts H the "inner cnds of the central passages I are-advantageously enlarged it's-indicated at I In Figs.- 6 to -9,i nclusive, Ihave illustrateda tile construction for use. in a deflector wall which is not perpendicular but inclined at an oblique-angle to the "boiler s .70 WVhen the .deflector wall does, not embody tubes B extendingthrough the: tubular wall. The tiles IA, illustrated in F igs, 6 to 9, in- I elusive, are. characterized by 'the' fact that each of the edge surfaces 1 I, I and I- is a plane perpendicular to the flat sides While in the assembled tile wall the edges of adjacent tiles do not interlock to prevent movement ofone tile rela f tively to the othersin a direction perpendicular to the planes of the flat sides, the

water tubes prevent such movement of the I tiles, and the edgesof the tiles do interlock to prevent movement of'the tiles in. a direction parallel to' 'th'e lengths of the wa ter tubes. So far as movementin a direction parallel to the water tubes is concerned the surfaces I and 1 of each tile are over lapped by the "surfaces I and I respec i tively of the two upper tiles, and the surfaces I and I overlap the surfaces I and I respectively of each lower tiles, so that exactly the same interlocking effect is obtained with the tile IA when set in a wall inclined to the boiler tubes, as is obtained with the tile I when set in a wall perpendicular to the water tubes. I

"While in accordance with the provisions of the statutes I have illustrated and described the best form of my invention now known'to me, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changesmay be made in the form of my invention without departing from its spirit, and that some features of my invention may be sometimes I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a water tube boiler, the combina- 5 tion withthe water tubes of a deflector wall 4 comprising a layer of similarly shaped tiles,

each notched at its edges to receive portions of a plurality of said tubes, and having edge surfaces between the notches, so formed that they will overlap the adjacent edge surfaces of adjacent tiles so that each tile other than the marginal tiles of the wall is prevented by the adjacent tiles from movement along the water tubes in a direction parallel to the length of the latter.

2. In a water tube boiler, the combination with the water tubes of a deflector wall comprising a layer of tiles, each notched at its edges to receive portions of a plurality of said tubes, and having edge surfaces between the notches, which are so inclined to the direction of the water tubes that some of said edge surfaces if extended would intersect a line parallel to the water tubes passing centrally through said tile in front of the layer of said tiles, while others would intersect said line at the rear of the tiles.

3. A tile for use in forming deflector wall of a water tube boiler formed with trans verse grooves at its edges to receive portions of a plurality of boiler tubes, and having edge surfaces between the grooves which are inclined in difl'erent directions with respect to the axes of said grooves.

4. A tile for use in forming the deflector wall of a water tube boiler formed with transverse grooves at its edges to receive ortions of a plurality of boiler tubes, and aving fiat edge surfaces between the notches, which are inclined in different di-V rections to the side faces of the tile.

HENRY B. BRADFORD. 

